Abstract Background The "applied" nature distinguishes applied sciences from theoretical sciences.To emphasize this distinction, we begin with a general, meta-level overview of the scientific endeavor.We introduce the knowledge spectrum and four interconnected modalities of knowledge.In addition to the traditional differentiation between implicit a
In modern construction thin-shell structures are very popular because they can be easily used to make different constructive and architectural shapes.The main value of such constructions is the ability to use them as load-bearing structures and as the element of architectural image of building at the same time.Thin-shell structures allow us to solv
Deng Zang,1,2 Chao Niu,1 Haji Akber Aisa1 1Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, bvla reema Urumqi 830011, China; 2University of Chinese Academy of Sc
Additive jt international horse tack manufacturing in the field of tissue engineering has evolved rapidly over the past few decades.3D bioprinting is an extended application of additive manufacturing that involves the building of tissue or organ in a layer-by-layer manner using a bioprinter via instructions from computer graphic software.3D bioprin